Athletic Training & Sports Medicine Center

  

Examination Links:

  • Alphabetical Listing
of Examinations
  • Head
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    • Neurological control
 - upper limb
    • Neurological control
 - lower limb
    • Tandem Test
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    • Finger-thumb test
    • Hand flip test
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    • Past pointing test
    • Heel-to-knee test
    • Proprioceptive Movement
 Test
    • Proprioceptive Space Test
  • Cervical Spine
    • Spurling's Test
    • Distraction
    • Quandrant
    • Tinels' Sign
  • Thoracic Spine
    • Sagittal Plane ROM Test
    • Frontal Plane ROM Test
    • Transverse Plane ROM Test
  • Lumbar Spine
    • Straight Leg Raise Test
    • Sciatic Nerve Palpation Test
    • Bowstring Test
    • Slump Test
  • Shoulder
    • Apley Scratch Test
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    • Relocation Test
    • Anterior Instability Test
    • Anterior/Posterior Translation
 Test
    • Sulcus Sign
    • Posterior G-H Instability Test
    • Inferior Drawer (Feagin) Test
    • Neer Impingement Test
    • Hawkins Kennedy
Impingement Test
    • Empty Can Test
    • Internal Rotation Strength
Test
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Test
    • Glenoid Labrum Clunk Test
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Test
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Test
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Stability Test
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(Horizontal Adduction) Test
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Integrity Test
    • Speed's Test
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  • Elbow & Radioulnar
    • Valgus Test 00
    • Valgus Test 300
    • Valgus Test 900
    • Miking Sig
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 Stress Test
    • Varus Test 00
    • Varus Test 300
    • Tinel Sign
    • Lateral Compression Test
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    • Mills Test
    • Distal Radioulnar Instability 
Test
  • Wrist
    • Finkelstein's Test
    • Anatomical Snuff Box
Compression Test
    • Phalen's Test or Wrist Press 
Test
    • Tinel Sign
  • Hand & Fingers
    • Murphy's Signr
    • Boutonniere Deformity Test
    • Mallet Finger Test
    • Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
 Test
    • Flexor Digitorum Profundus
 Test
    • Gamekeeper's Thumb Test
    • MCP Radial Collateral 
Ligament Stress Test
    • MCP Ulnar Collateral 
Ligament Stress Test
    • PIP Radial Collateral 
Ligament Stress Test
    • PIP Ulnar Collateral 
Ligament Stress Test
    • DIP Radial Collateral 
Ligament Stress Test
    • DIP Ulnar Collateral 
Ligament Stress Test
    • Bunnel-Littler Test
    • Retinacular Test
    • Allen Test
  • Sacroiliac Joint
    • Ipsilateral Prone Kinetic Test
    • FABER Test
    • Passive Extension & Internal 
Rotation of Ilium on Sacrum
    • Passive Flexion & External 
Rotation of Ilium on Sacrum
    • Passive External Rotation 
of Hip
    • Pelvic Rocking Test
    • Gapping Test
    • Prone Gapping (Hibb's) Test
    • Approximation Test
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      Sacroiliac Rocking Test
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    • Superoinferior Symphysis
Pubic Stress Test
    • Piedallu's Sign
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    • Mazion's Pelvic Maneuver
    • Yeoman's Test
    • Sit-up Test
  • Hip & Thigh
    • Scouring (Quandrant) Test
    • FABER Test
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    • Hamstring Contracture Test 1
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    • 90-90 Straight Leg Test
    • Phelp's Test
  • Knee
    • Gravity Sign
    • Active Posterior/Anterior 
Drawer Test
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    • Lachman
      • Tradiional
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      • Drop Leg
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      • Prone
      • Active
    • Posterolateral Drawer Test
    • Figure 4 Palpation
    • McMurray's Test
    • Apley's Grind Test
    • Lateral Compression Test
    • Medial Compression Test
    • Jerk Test of Hughston
    • Pivot Shift Test
    • External Rotation 
Recurvatum Test
    •  
  • Lower Leg
  • Ankle
  • Foot
    • Morton Test
    •  
  • Range of Motion
  • Goniometry
  • Manual Muscle Testing
  • Reflexes
  • Vital Signs
  • Body Composition

 

Bifurcate Ligament Stress Test
Examination type Ligamentous
Patient & Body Segment Positioning The patient should be long sitting on a treatment table with the distal end of the gastrocnemius placed on the edge of the table so that the ankles are hanging off. The ankle should be placed in a neutral or slightly plantar flexed position.
Examiner Position The examiner should stand in front of the patient. He/She should use one hand to stabilize the talus while the other hand is used to grasp the forefoot. The examiner’s thigh may also be used to stabilize the calcaneus which will aid in keeping the patient’s foot from moving.
Tissues Being Tested Bifurcate Ligament
Performing the Test To perform this test, the examiner should use the upper hand to stabilize the talus as well as to aid in applying varus stress to the foot while using the other hand to supinate the foot.
Positive Test Pain over the bifurcate ligament
Interpretation If the test is positive, the patient has a sprain of the bifurcate ligament
Common errors in performing exam Common errors performing this test may include examiners attempting inversion of the subtalar joint instead of supination which will stress other ligaments and give a false positive. Also if the foot is pulled into dorsi flexion instead of neutral to slight plantar flexion, a false positive may appear because other ligaments are being stressed here as well.
Factors possibly resulting in misinterpretation Sprains of the anterior talofibular ligament and bifurcate ligament sprains can often be confused with one another because of their close anatomical proximity and similarity in mechanism or injury.
Related tests  
References

Bifurcate Ligament Anatomy:

Magee, David J. (2002). Orthopedic Physical Assessment. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. 
Links:

Bifurcate Ligament Anatomy:

http://www.anatomate.net/web/?p=453

http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/frx_of_the_anterior_calcaneal_process

http://bi-info.medicine-for-you.com/404,66472253051234567890104804803411/bifurcate-ligament.htm 
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