The University of West Alabama





Athletic Training & Sports Medicine Center
Home  >  Athletic Training & Sports Medicine Center

AH 321
Manual Muscle Testing Laboratory

Perform manual muscle testing for each of the following muscles and record your findings.

Left Right

3

2

1

 Date of Examination Examiner’s Name

1

2

3
      Neck      
      Capital extension      
      Cervical extension      
      Combined extension (capital + cervical)      
      Capital flexion      
      Cervical flexion      
      Combined flexion (capital + cervical)      
      Combined flexion & rotation (sternocleidomastoid)      
      Trunk      
      Extension-Lumbar      
      Extension-thoracic      
      Pelvic elevation      
      Flexion      
      Rotation      
      Diaphragm strength      
      Maximal inspiration less full expiration (indirect intercostal test)(inches)      
      Cough (indirect forced expiration) (F, WF, NF, O)      
      Upper Extremity      
      Scapula abduction      
      Scapula elevation      
      Scapula adduction      
      Scapula adduction & downward rotation      
      Shoulder flexion      
      Shoulder extension      
      Shoulder scaption      
      Shoulder abduction      
      Shoulder adduction      
      Shoulder horizontal abduction      
      Shoulder horizontal adduction      
      Shoulder external rotation      
      Shoulder internal rotation      
      Elbow flexion      
      Elbow extension      
      Forearm supination      
      Forearm pronation      
      Wrist flexion      
      Wrist extension      
      Finger metacarpophalangeal flexion      
      Finger proximal interphalangeal flexion      
      Finger distal interphalangeal flexion      
      Finger metacarpophalangeal extension      
      Finger abduction      
      Finger adduction      
      Thumb metacarpophalangeal flexion      
      Thumb interphalangeal flexion      

Left Right

3

2

1

 Date of Examination Examiner’s Name

1

2

3
      Thumb metacarpophalangeal extension (motion superior to plane of metacarpals)      
      Thumb interphalangeal extension      
      Thumb carpometacarpal abduction (motion perpendicular to plane of palm)      
      Thumb carpometacarpal abduction (motion parallel to plane of palm)      
      Thumb adduction      
      Thumb opposition      
      Little finger opposition      
      Lower extremity      
      Hip flexion      
      Hip flexion, abduction, & external rotation with knee flexion (Sartorius)      
      Hip extension      
      Hip extension (Gluteus maximus)      
      Hip abduction      
      Hip abduction & flexion      
      Hip adduction      
      Hip external rotation      
      Hip internal rotation      
      Knee flexion      
      Knee flexion with leg external rotation      
      Knee flexion with leg internal rotation      
      Knee extension      
      Ankle plantar flexion      
      Ankle plantar flexion (soleus)      
      Foot dorsiflexion & inversion      
      Foot inversion      
      Foot eversion with plantar flexion      
      Foot eversion with dorsiflexion      
      Great toe metatarsophalangeal flexion      
      Toe metatarsophalangeal flexion      
      Great toe interphalangeal flexion      
      Toe interphalangeal flexion      
      Great toe metatarsophalangeal extension      
      Toe metatarsophalangeal extension      
      Great toe interphalangeal extension      
      Toe interphalangeal extension      
Comments:
 
 
 
 
 
Diagnosis ____________________ Onset _____________________________ Age ______ Birth date ________
Patient Name ______________________________________________________________________________

last first middle ID number

Manual Muscle Testing

  1. Hip Extensors
  2. Hip Flexors
  3. Hip Abductors
  4. Hip Adductors
  5. Hip External Rotators
  6. Hip Internal Rotators

Manual Muscle Testing

  1. Knee Extensors
  2. Knee Flexors
  3. Knee Internal Rotators
  4. Knee External Rotators

Manual Muscle Testing

  1. Extensor Hallucis Longus
  2. Flexor Hallucis Longus
  3. Extensor Digitorum Longus
  4. Flexor Digitorum Longus
  5. Gastrocnemius
  6. Soleus
  7. Ankle Invertors
  8. Ankle Evertors

Manual Muscle Testing

  1. Scapula Elevation
  2. Scapula Depression & Adduction
  3. Scapula Abduction & Upward Rotation
  4. Scapula Adduction
  5. Scapula Adduction & Downward Rotation

Manual Muscle Testing

  1. Shoulder Flexion
  2. Shoulder Horizontal Abduction
  3. Shoulder Extension
  4. Shoulder Horizontal Abduction
  5. Shoulder Abduction
  6. Shoulder External Rotation
  7. Shoulder Supraspinatus
  8. Shoulder Internal Rotation

Manual Muscle Testing

  1. Elbow Flexion
  2. Elbow Extension
  3. Forearm Pronation
  4. Forearm Supination
  5. Wrist Flexion
  6. Wrist Extension
  7. Metacarpophalangeal Joint
  8. Flexion of the Fingers
  9. Metacarpophalangeal Joint
  10. Extension of the Fingers
  11. Distal Interphalangeal Joint
  12. Flexion of the Fingers
  13. Proximal Interphalangeal Joint
  14. Flexion of the Fingers
  15. Thumb Abduction
  16. Thumb Adduction
  17. Thumb Opposition

 

  1. With a laboratory partner determine how and why maintaining the position of full knee extension limits the ability to maximally flex the hip both actively and passively? Does maintaining excessive hip flexion limit your ability to accomplish full knee extension?
  2. With a laboratory partner determine how and why maintaining the position of full knee flexion limits the ability to maximally extend the hip both actively and passively? Does maintaining excessive hip extension limit your ability to accomplish full knee flexion?
  1. Distinguish between hip flexion and trunk flexion.
  2. How may the walking gait be affected by a weakness in the gluteus medius muscle. Have a laboratory partner demonstrate the gait pattern associated with gluteus medius weakness. What is the name of this dysfunctional gait?
(Anterior) Hip Flexors (Medial) Hip Adduction Lateral Rotators-
Iliacus Adductor Brevis Obturator Internus
Psoas Major Adductor Longus Obturator Externus
Pectineus Adductor Magnus Gamelli
Rectus Femoris-(Knee) Gracilis Quadratus femoris
(Sartorius) (Pectineus) Piriformis
    (Sartorius)
    Gluteus Maximus
(Posterior) Hip Extensors (Lateral) Hip Abduction Medial Rotators
Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus(Anterior Fibers)
Semitendinosus-(Knee) Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius (anterior fibers)
Semimembranosus-(Knee) Tensor Fascia Latae Iliopsoas
Biceps Femoris (Long Head) (Knee) (Sartorius) Tensor Fascia Latae

Quadriceps

  
Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedius Rectus Femoris (hip)

Scapulothoracic Joint

Abduction Elevation Downward Rotation
Pectoralis minor Levator Scapula Rhomboid
Serratus anterior Upper Trapezius Pectoralis Minor
Adduction Rhomboid Upward Rotation
Middle Trapezius Depression Trapezius
Rhomboids Lower Trapezius Lower Serratus anterior
  Pectoralis Minor  

Force Couple Action - an action of two forces pulling in one direction to perform one function or action.

Glenohumeral Joint

Flexion Abduction Lateral or External Rotation
Ant. Deltoid Deltoid Infraspinatus
Upper Pectoralis Major Supraspinatus Teres Minor
  Upper Pectoralis Major  
Extension Adduction Medial or Internal Rotation
Lower Pectoralis Major Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major
Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major Lower Fibers of Pectoralis Major Teres Major
Horizontal Abduction Horizontal Adduction Subscapularis
Posterior & Middle Deltoid Ant. Deltoid  
Infraspinatus Pectoralis Major  
Teres Minor Coracobrachialis  

Elbow

Anterior Stability

Posterior Stability

Biceps brachii

Triceps Brachii

Brachialis

Anconeus

Brachioradialis

  

Medial Stability

Lateral Stability

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Extensor Radialis Longus

Palmaris Longus

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Pronator Teres

Humeral Head of the Supinator

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Extensor Digitorum
 

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Elbow Flexion

Elbow Extension

Biceps brachii

Triceps Brachii

Brachialis

Anconeus

Brachioradialis

  

Radioulnar Pronation

Radioulnar Supination

Pronator Teres

Supinator

Pronator Quadratus

Biceps brachii

Brachioradialis

Brachioradialis
Flexion Wrist Fingers
  Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor Digitorum profundus
  Palmaris Longus Flexor Digitorum superficialis
  Flexor carpi radialis Flexor Pollicis longus
Extension Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digiti minimi
  Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum
  Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor indicis
    Extensor pollicis longus
    Extensor pollicis brevis
Abduction Flexor carpi radialis  
  Extensor carpi radialis longus  
  Extensor carpi radialis brevis  
  Extensor pollicis brevis  
  Abductor pollicis longus  
Adduction Flexor carpi ulnaris  
  Extensor carpi ulnaris