New Page 1

Athletic Training & Sports Medicine Center

Examination Links:

```
Alphabetical Listing
of Examinations
```

Head

Cervical Spine

Thoracic Spine

Lumbar Spine

Shoulder

Elbow & Radioulnar

Wrist

Hand & Fingers

Sacroiliac Joint

```
Ipsilateral Prone Kinetic Test
```
```
FABER Test
```

Passive Extension & Internal 
Rotation of Ilium on Sacrum

Passive Flexion & External 
Rotation of Ilium on Sacrum

```
Passive External Rotation 
of Hip
```
```
Pelvic Rocking Test
```
```
Gapping Test
```
```
Prone Gapping (Hibb's) Test
```
```
Approximation Test
```
```
Squish Test
```
```
Sacroiliac Rocking Test
```
```
Sacral Apex Pressure Test
```
```
Torsion Stress Test
```
```
Femoral Shear Test
```

Superoinferior Symphysis
Pubic Stress Test

```
Piedallu's Sign
```
```
Flamingo Maneuver or Test
```
```
Gaenslen's Sign
```
```
Mazion's Pelvic Maneuver
```
```
Yeoman's Test
```
```
Sit-up Test
```

Hip & Thigh

Knee

Lower Leg

Ankle

```
Foot
```
- ```
Morton Test
```
- ```
 
```
```
Range of Motion
```
```
Goniometry
```
```
Manual Muscle Testing
```
```
Reflexes
```
```
Vital Signs
```
```
Body Composition
```

Valgus Stress (Elbow) at 0⁰

Examination type

Ligament Laxity, Joint Instability

Patient & Body Segment Positioning

The patient is sitting upright, with elbow fully extended (0 degrees). Patient does not resist or assist any movement.

Examiner Position

The examiner should face the patient while standing on the side of the affected elbow with one hand cupping the elbow (heel of hand on lateral side of elbow with fingers on medial side) for support while the other hand is placed at the patient’s wrist to provide force.

Performing the Test

Cup the posterior aspect of the patients elbow in one hand and hold the patients wrist in the other. The hand on the elbow will act as a fulcrum around which the examiner’s other hand will apply. With the elbow extended to 0 degrees, force the forearm laterally which will place stress on the medial side of the elbow.

Tissues Being Tested

Ulnar collateral ligament

Positive Test

Lack of a firm end feel or extra joint opening as compared bilaterally

Interpretation

Possible sprain (stretching or even tear) of the ulnar collateral ligament

Common errors in performing exam

Not placing enough force on the elbow; not completely extending the patient’s elbow to 0 degrees; not comparing bilaterally

Factors possibly resulting in misinterpretation

Athletes who routinely participate in repetitive overhead activities, such as baseball pitchers, may show excess laxity in the dominant arm even with no injury to the ulnar collateral ligament.

Related tests

Valgus Test at 30⁰, Milking sign

References

Hoppenfield Stanley, Physical Examination of the Spine & Extremities

Magee, David J. (2002). Orthopedic Physical Assessment. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier.

Links:

http://ajs.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/33/2/231

http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000201/691.html

http://www.physsportsmed.com/issues/1996/05_96/nirschl.htm

MOUSE OVER PICTURE TO VIEW MOVIE