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Athletic Training & Sports Medicine Center

Examination Links:

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Alphabetical Listing
of Examinations
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Head

Cervical Spine

Thoracic Spine

Lumbar Spine

Shoulder

Elbow & Radioulnar

Wrist

Hand & Fingers

Sacroiliac Joint

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Ipsilateral Prone Kinetic Test
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FABER Test
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Passive Extension & Internal 
Rotation of Ilium on Sacrum

Passive Flexion & External 
Rotation of Ilium on Sacrum

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Passive External Rotation 
of Hip
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Pelvic Rocking Test
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Gapping Test
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Prone Gapping (Hibb's) Test
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Approximation Test
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Squish Test
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Sacroiliac Rocking Test
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Sacral Apex Pressure Test
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Torsion Stress Test
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Femoral Shear Test
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Superoinferior Symphysis
Pubic Stress Test

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Piedallu's Sign
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Flamingo Maneuver or Test
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Gaenslen's Sign
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Mazion's Pelvic Maneuver
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Yeoman's Test
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Sit-up Test
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Hip & Thigh

Knee

Lower Leg

Ankle

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Foot
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Morton Test
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Range of Motion
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Goniometry
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Manual Muscle Testing
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Reflexes
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Vital Signs
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Body Composition
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Anterior Drawer Test

Examination type

Joint stability

Patient & Body Segment Positioning

Patient lies supine with shoulder completely relaxed and supported by the examiner in 80-120⁰ of abduction, forward flexion up to 20⁰, and up to 30⁰ of external rotation while the elbow is extended.

Examiner Position

Examiner places hand of the involved shoulder in the examiner’s axilla to hold the patient’s arm and maintain shoulder relaxation. One hand is placed on top of the shoulder and pushes downward to stabilize the scapula while the other hand is placed around the upper humerus.

Performing the Test

The examiner pushes down on the hand stabilizing the scapula while using the hand around the upper humerus to pull the humeral head forward. Perform the test again on the uninvolved shoulder and compare bilaterally.

Tissues Being Tested

Labrum of the glenohumeral joint, rotator cuff muscles

Positive Test

Abnormal anterior translation as compared bilaterally; clicking during the test

Interpretation

Extra anterior translation indicates anterior joint instability. Clicking can indicate a labral tear or the humeral head slipping over the rim of the glenoid.

Common errors in performing exam

Incorrect hand placement of the examiner which can result in incorrect patient body segment positioning.

Factors possibly resulting in misinterpretation

Pre-existing joint hyper mobility; Always check bilaterally

Related tests

Pre-existing joint hyper mobility; Always check bilaterally

References

David J. Magee. Orthopedic Physical Assessment 4^th edition. Elsevier Science, New York 2002.

Links:

http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/physical_exam_for_anterior_instability

http://www.orthop.washington.edu/uw/traumaticshoulder/tabID__3376/ItemID__237/PageID__503/Articles/Default.aspx

http://www.maitrise-orthop.com/corpusmaitri/orthopaedic/88_gagey/gageyus.shtml

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