Goniometry of the Fingers

Cervical Spine Fingers (MCP, PIP, & DIP Joints) Knee
Glenohumeral Joint Thumb (CMC, MCP, & IP Joints) Talocrural
Elbow & Radioulnar Joints Lumbar & Thoracic Spine Transverse Tarsal & Subtalar Joints
Wrist Hip Toes (MCP, PIP, & DIP Joints)
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Motion

Recommended Testing Position

Stabilization

Center

Proximal Arm

Distal Arm

Start

End

Metacarpophalangeal (fingers) Flexion

 Sitting, forearm in 00 supination-pronation, wrist in 00 flexion, extension, radial & ulnar flexion. Forearm & hand rest on supporting surface. MCP in 00 abd & add. Avoid extreme flex of PIP & DIP Stabilize metacarpal to prevent wrist motion. Do not hold MCP of other fingers in extension Over dorsal aspect of MCP Dorsal midline of metacarpal Dorsal midline of proximal phalanx

Metacarpophalangeal (fingers) Extension

 Sitting, forearm in 00 supination-pronation, wrist in 00 flexion, extension, radial & ulnar flexion. Forearm & hand rest on supporting surface. MCP in 00 abd & add. Avoid extension or extreme flex of PIP & DIP Stabilize metacarpal to prevent wrist motion. Do not hold MCP of other fingers in full flexion Over dorsal aspect of MCP Dorsal midline of metacarpal Dorsal midline of proximal phalanx

Metacarpophalangeal (fingers) Abduction

 Sitting, forearm in full pronation, wrist in 00 flexion, extension, radial & ulnar flexion. Forearm & hand rest on supporting surface. MCP in 00 flex & ext Stabilize metacarpal to prevent wrist motion. Over dorsal aspect of MCP Dorsal midline of metacarpal Dorsal midline of proximal phalanx

Metacarpophalangeal (fingers) Adduction

 Sitting, forearm in full pronation, wrist in 00 flexion, extension, radial & ulnar flexion. Forearm & hand rest on supporting surface. MCP in 00 flex & ext Stabilize metacarpal to prevent wrist motion. Over dorsal aspect of MCP Dorsal midline of metacarpal Dorsal midline of proximal phalanx

Proximal interphalangeal (Fingers) Flexion

 Sitting, forearm in 00 supination-pronation, wrist in 00 flexion, extension, radial & ulnar flexion. Forearm & hand rest on supporting surface. MCP in 00 flex, ext, abd & add. Stabilize proximal phalanx to prevent motion of wrist & MCP joint Over dorsal aspect of PIP Dorsal midline of proximal phalanx Dorsal midline of middle phalanx

Proximal interphalangeal (Fingers) Extension

 Sitting, forearm in 00 supination-pronation, wrist in 00 flexion, extension, radial & ulnar flexion. Forearm & hand rest on supporting surface. MCP in 00 flex, ext, abd & add. Stabilize proximal phalanx to prevent motion of wrist & MCP joint Over dorsal aspect of PIP Dorsal midline of proximal phalanx Dorsal midline of middle phalanx

Distal interphalangeal (Fingers) Flexion

 Sitting, forearm in 00 supination-pronation, wrist in 00 flexion, extension, radial & ulnar flexion. Forearm & hand rest on supporting surface. MCP in 00 flex, ext, abd & add. PIP in 700 to 900 flex. Stabilize middle phalanx to prevent further flexion & extension of wrist, MCP & PIP joints Over dorsal aspect of DIP Dorsal midline of middle phalanx Dorsal midline of distal phalanx

Distal interphalangeal (Fingers) Extension

 Sitting, forearm in 00 supination-pronation, wrist in 00 flexion, extension, radial & ulnar flexion. Forearm & hand rest on supporting surface. MCP in 00 flex, ext, abd & add. PIP in 700 to 900 flex. Stabilize middle phalanx to prevent extension of wrist, MCP & PIP joints Over dorsal aspect of DIP Dorsal midline of middle phalanx Dorsal midline of distal phalanx

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