Motion |
Recommended Testing Position |
Stabilization |
Center |
Proximal Arm |
Distal Arm |
Start |
End |
Flexion |
Supine, knees flexed, G-H 00 of abd, add, rot, 00 of pronation-supination | Scapula to prevent elevation, post tilting, & UR, Thorax to prevent spine extension | Close to acromion process | Midaxillary line of thorax | Lateral midline of humerus, lateral epicondyle |  |
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Extension |
Prone, head facing away from involved shoulder, G-H 00 abd & rot, elbow slight flex, 00 of pronation-supination | Scapula to prevent elevation, ant tilting | Close to acromion process | Midaxillary line of thorax | Lateral midline of humerus, lateral epicondyle |  |
 |
Abduction |
Supine, may be sitting or prone, G-H 00 flex-ext, full ext rot, elbow ext | Scapula to prevent UR & elevation, Thorax to prevent lateral flex of trunk | Close to ant. acromion process | Parallel to midline of ant sternum | Medial midline of humerus |  |
 |
Adduction |
Supine, may be sitting or prone, G-H 00 flex-ext, full ext rot, elbow ext | Scapula to prevent UR & elevation, Thorax to prevent lateral flex of trunk | Close to ant. acromion process | Parallel to midline of ant sternum | Medial midline of humerus | |
 |
Internal rotation |
Supine, arm in 900 of abd, forearm perpendicular to supporting surface & 00 of pronation-supination, full length of humerus on supporting surface | Humerus to maintain 900 abduction, scapula to prevent elevation & ant tilting | Over olecranon process | Parallel to or perpendicular to floor | Ulnar, using olecranon & ulnar styloid |  |
 |
External rotation |
Supine, arm in 900 of abd, forearm perpendicular to supporting surface & 00 of pronation-supination, full length of humerus on supporting surface | Humerus to maintain 900 abduction, scapula to prevent post tilting | Over olecranon process | Parallel to or perpendicular to floor | Ulnar, using olecranon & ulnar styloid | |
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